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The guide · Italy

Driving licence and car

Exchanging your licence, registering your car.

Checked on 23 October 2026

Driving in Italy with your foreign licence: do you need to exchange it, and how do you renew it once resident?

Your licence from an EU or EEA country is equivalent to an Italian licence: you can drive with it until its expiry date, even after settling in Italy, and exchanging it for an Italian licence remains optional. The exchange becomes compulsory if it has no expiry date (two years after you settle), or if it is lost, stolen or damaged; and when it expires, you renew it in Italy, at the Motorizzazione civile (licensing and vehicle registration service), with a medical certificate. A British licence is only valid for 12 months after you register as a resident (if you settled from 1 January 2023; before that, the exchange is already compulsory): you must then exchange it, without an examination.

Costs
Exchange (conversion) 2026: €10.20 in fees + €32.00 stamp duty, plus €16 stamp duty for the medical certificate if required
Timeframes
EU licence: valid until its expiry date. British licence (resident since 1 January 2023): 12 months after residence registration, exchange within 6 years

Steps

  1. Check your licence: country of issue, expiry date, categories.
  2. EU or EEA licence valid with an expiry date: you drive as normal. Italy uses your "normal residence": registration with the Comune, or at least 185 days a year in Italy with personal or professional ties (studies alone are not enough).
  3. Compulsory exchange in particular in these cases (MIT):
    • licence with no expiry date (or longer than the European rule): within 2 years of your settling;
    • licence lost, stolen or damaged while you reside in Italy;
    • offence which, under Italian law, leads to a licence review measure;
    • licence that has expired, which you must renew (step 5);
    • British licence (see below).
  4. To exchange (conversione): submit your application to the Ufficio della Motorizzazione Civile (UMC) of your province, with form TT 2112 and the pagoPA payment (code N003). The new licence keeps the remaining validity of the old one if it complies with Italian law. The UMC sends your old licence back to the country that issued it: you cannot go back.
  5. To renew an expired licence or one close to expiry: take the medical examination (authorised doctor or local medical commission), then submit your file to the UMC. Payments are made on pagoPA, after logging in with SPID to the Portale dell'Automobilista. Expired for more than 5 years: either you request a driving test (esperimento di guida, form TT 746, payment N017), or the UMC issues the Italian licence with a review measure (theory and practical examination); if you fail, the licence is revoked.

Documents

  • Form TT 2112.
  • pagoPA payment receipts (N003 for the exchange; N019 for the stamp duty on the medical certificate).
  • Original licence and double-sided photocopy.
  • Valid identity document and codice fiscale.
  • Two identity photos, one of them authenticated (if no medical certificate is requested).
  • If the licence expires soon or has expired: medical certificate (less than 3 months old if it comes from a doctor alone, less than 6 months old if it comes from a local medical commission) and anamnestic certificate.
  • Non-EU licence: translation or certificate of authenticity if the agreement requires it, and residence permit (or receipt for its renewal application).

Costs and timelines

  • National Motorizzazione fees (rate in force, consulted in 2026):
    • exchange of an EU or non-EU licence (N003): €10.20 in fees + €32.00 stamp duty;
    • stamp duty on the application linked to the medical certificate (N019): €16.00;
    • driving test (N017): €16.20. The doctor's fees are not set by these sources. Sicily, the Aosta Valley, Friuli-Venezia Giulia and the autonomous provinces of Trento and Bolzano have their own rates or offices: ask them.
  • Validity of a B licence in Italy: 10 years; 5 years from age 50; 3 years from age 70; 2 years from age 80. Lorries (C): 5 years up to age 65, then 2 years. Buses (D): 5 years, then 3 years from age 70. The medical commission may shorten these periods.
  • Issuing time: the ministry sets none; it depends on your UMC (Motorizzazione office): ask when you submit the file.

Common pitfalls

  • Keeping an old "lifetime" licence. Old licences with no expiry date must be exchanged within 2 years of your settling.
  • Losing your foreign licence. Once resident, you can no longer ask your country for a duplicate: the Italian exchange becomes compulsory.
  • Letting a British licence expire more than 5 years ago. The agreement then no longer allows exchange without an examination. An expired Isle of Man licence cannot be exchanged at all (GOV.UK).
  • Delaying the exchange of a British licence. Beyond 6 years of residence in Italy, the exchange application is refused, without even the possibility of taking a review examination (MIT); you must then take the Italian driving test as a non-EU national (GOV.UK). Exception: those who were already resident in Italy on 31 December 2020 (withdrawal agreement).
  • Losing your British licence. To exchange it, you also need a copy of the declaration of loss or theft made to the Italian police (Italy–United Kingdom agreement, art. 7; GOV.UK); without it, you must take the Italian driving test as a non-EU national.
  • Believing the medical examination is a formality. It determines the validity period of the new licence.

What changes by country of origin

  • EU and EEA citizens: licence recognised until its expiry; exchange optional, except in the cases above.
  • British nationals (Scots included):
    • resident since 1 January 2023: driving possible 12 months after residence registration with a valid British licence (or from Gibraltar, Jersey, Guernsey, Isle of Man), then exchange compulsory without examination; settled before that date: the exchange is already compulsory (GOV.UK);
    • exchange possible within 6 years of residence registration; no limit for those who were resident in Italy by 31 December 2020 at the latest;
    • licence expired for less than 5 years: exchange still possible (except an expired Isle of Man licence: exchange impossible); provisional licence: excluded;
    • basis: Italy–United Kingdom agreement of 23 December 2022.
  • Swiss nationals: Switzerland is neither in the EU nor in the EEA, but an Italy–Switzerland agreement allows exchange without examination (2021 agreement, extended until 12 June 2031). You can drive with your valid Swiss licence for 1 year after your residence registration; after that you must have exchanged it. The application must be made within 4 years of residence registration: beyond that, it is refused, without even the possibility of an examination (MIT, page updated on 09/10/2026). Form TT2112, €10.20 + €32 stamp duty, medical certificate.
  • Other non-EU countries: you drive for one year after your residence registration with your valid licence, accompanied by an international permit or an official translation into Italian; after that you must exchange it. Exchange without examination exists only if your country has a reciprocity agreement with Italy (list on the MIT "Conversione patente estera" page, for example Argentina, Brazil, Japan, South Korea, Morocco, Tunisia, Turkey; period of 4 or 6 years depending on the agreement; United States: only diplomatic staff and their families). Without an agreement, you must pass the Italian theory and practical examination.
Official sources (5) ›
  • Ministero delle Infrastrutture e dei Trasporti (Portale dell'Automobilista, Your Europe), "Veicoli nell'Unione: ottenimento e rinnovo di una patente di guida" (updated 26/06/2024)
  • Portale dell'Automobilista, "Tariffario nazionale in euro delle operazioni di motorizzazione" (codes N003, N019, N017)
  • Ministero delle Infrastrutture e dei Trasporti, Italy–United Kingdom agreement of 23/12/2022 on the mutual recognition of driving licences for conversion purposes
  • GOV.UK, "Living in Italy" (updated 05/10/2026, driving licence section)
  • Ministero delle Infrastrutture e dei Trasporti, "Conversione patente estera" (updated 09/10/2026; Switzerland: agreement extended until 12/06/2031, 4-year period)
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Checked on 23 October 2026

Importing your car into Italy: when to register it, how, how much it costs, and what taxes and insurance follow?

If you register as a resident in Italy, your foreign-registered car must receive Italian plates within 3 months (nazionalizzazione, art. 93-bis of the highway code); otherwise, a fine of €400 to €1,600, registration document withdrawn and car impounded. The procedure is done in a single application to the Motorizzazione civile and the PRA (vehicle register kept by the ACI), often through an authorised counter (STA). Afterwards you pay the bollo auto (regional tax) every year, you have the technical inspection (revisione) done and you must have third-party liability insurance (RC auto).

Costs
Registration of a car coming from the EU (national rate): €10.20 + €64.00 stamp duty + €41.78 for plates, plus the provincial IPT and the PRA fees; fine of €400 to €1,600 if you drive outside the deadline
Timeframes
Italian registration compulsory within 3 months of your residence registration

Steps

  1. Note the date of your registration with the Comune (sheet IT-SEJOUR-TOUS-001): the 3-month period runs from then.
  2. Check the VAT: an individual who imports their own car (new or second-hand) for private use generally pays no VAT in Italy. The ministry states that you must first submit an application to the provincial directorate of the Agenzia delle Entrate, which verifies that the conditions for exemption are met, then passes the vehicle's data to the Motorizzazione. For a second-hand car bought in another EU country by an individual, the provvedimento of the Agenzia delle Entrate no. 265336 of 17 July 2020 (issued under art. 9 of decree-law 124/2019) specifies the file: proof of purchase and payment (with a cash transfer declaration from €10,000 in cash), vehicle census file already sent to the Motorizzazione, copy of the seller's identity document if they are an individual. The Agenzia has 30 days to verify, which can be extended by 30 days in case of a risk of VAT fraud: allow for this period before going to the Motorizzazione. The 2009 circular spoke of self-certification and exemption from the census for individuals; since 2020, even an individual goes through this prior verification. The F24 form "IVA immatricolazione auto UE" concerns the national buyer of a new or second-hand vehicle acquired on the EU parallel market; new cars bought directly from a manufacturer are excluded.
  3. Submit the istanza unificata (single application Motorizzazione + PRA), at the Motorizzazione counter, at the PRA, or at an STA (Sportello Telematico dell'Automobilista, often an authorised vehicle-formalities agency).
  4. Hand in your foreign plates and registration document: they are part of the file.
  5. Receive your Italian plates and the Documento Unico (DU), which serves as both registration document and title of ownership.
  6. Insure the car in Italy (RC auto compulsory in order to drive) with an authorised insurer (lists published by the IVASS, the insurance supervisory authority). Ask your former insurer for your claims record.
  7. Pay the bollo auto every year to your region of residence.
  8. Have the revisione (technical inspection) done: 4 years after first registration, then every 2 years, at the Motorizzazione (by appointment) or at an authorised garage.

Documents

  • Istanza unificata form (identity, codice fiscale, residence address in Italy, vehicle data: registration or chassis number, date of first registration abroad, date of import, date of last technical inspection).
  • Copy of a valid identity document.
  • Foreign registration certificate (registration document) and plates.
  • Payment receipts for fees and taxes.
  • Depending on the case: Agenzia delle Entrate document on VAT, certificate of conformity (not cited by the ministry, to be requested from the STA).

Costs and timelines

  • National Motorizzazione rate, car coming from another EU country: €10.20 in fees (code N054 or N055) + €64.00 stamp duty + plates: €41.78 (rectangular plate) or €41.37 (square plate). Motorbike (N053): €10.20 + €64.00 + €22.26. Rates specific to the province of Aosta (codes N103, N060); for Sicily, Friuli-Venezia Giulia and the provinces of Trento and Bolzano, ask the local office.
  • In addition: the PRA fees and the IPT (imposta provinciale di trascrizione, provincial registration tax), whose amount depends on the power and the province (base set by ministerial decree 435/1998: €150.81 for a car up to 53 kW; above 53 kW, the unit amount of €3.5119 is multiplied by the car's number of kW, according to the table in the decree and the ACI; each province may increase this amount by 30% at most, and the total amount is rounded to the euro; the increases by province are published by the ACI, page "Calcolo IPT: percentuali di maggiorazione"); the STA's fees if you use one.
  • Legal deadline: 3 months after residence registration (art. 93-bis, para. 1).
  • Penalty: €400 to €1,600; the police withdraw the registration document, order the vehicle to stop circulating and to be placed in storage; without Italian registration (or authorised exit from the territory) within 30 days, the car is confiscated.
  • Bollo auto: set by each region (reductions possible, for example for low-polluting vehicles); the amount depends on your region, the power (kW) and the emission class: calculate it on your region's or the ACI's service.
  • RC auto, minimum legal limits: €6,450,000 per claim for personal injury, €1,300,000 for property damage.

Common pitfalls

  • Believing you have a year. The one-year period applies to a non-resident passing through; as soon as you register with the Comune, you have 3 months.
  • Driving a relative's foreign car. If you are resident and the car is not in your name, you need on board a document signed by the owner, with a certain date (data certa), stating the title and duration of use; beyond 30 days of use in the year, the use must be entered in the PRA's register of foreign vehicles (REVE).
  • Forgetting your insurance history. Your bonus from abroad does not carry over by itself: bring the claims record certificate from your insurer (common European model since 24 July 2025, Regulation (EU) 2024/1855). Without a declaration from your former insurer, the IVASS states that your contract is placed in class 14 of the Italian scale. If a family member living with you is already insured in Italy with no at-fault claim over 5 years, you can often take over their bonus class (classe familiare).
  • Comparing only prices. Excesses and recourse clauses (rivalse) vary: the IVASS points to a public online comparison tool, the Preventivatore pubblico.
  • Paying the bollo to the wrong region. It is due to the region of residence and only for vehicles registered in Italy.

What changes by country of origin

  • Car coming from an EU country: nazionalizzazione procedure above, without VAT for a second-hand vehicle imported by an individual.
  • Car coming from Switzerland or the United Kingdom: import goes through customs (duties and VAT possible) before registration; it is treated as an import from a non-EU country: customs declaration, duties and VAT (for a car of British origin, the EU–UK agreement removes duties but not VAT, according to the Agenzia delle Dogane e dei Monopoli), then the customs documentation is submitted to the Motorizzazione civile for registration (art. 1, para. 10 of decree-law 262/2006, as cited by circular no. 3/E of 2009). If you transfer your normal residence from the United Kingdom to Italy, the ADM indicates an exemption from duties and VAT for personal belongings, subject to conditions (residence outside the EU for at least 12 consecutive months, goods used for at least six months, prior authorisation of the customs office); its page does not expressly mention cars: ask customs whether yours is covered. The amounts depend on the value and customs classification of the car: ask the customs office (Agenzia delle Dogane) before buying.
  • Cross-border workers who work in a neighbouring country (Switzerland, France, Austria, Slovenia, San Marino, etc.) and drive a car registered there: no Italian registration, but entry in the REVE within 60 days of the purchase of the vehicle.
  • Campione d'Italia: its residents are exempt from the obligation (art. 93-bis, para. 5). Livigno: like Campione d'Italia, outside the EU customs and VAT territory: a car coming from there is treated as an import, and the customs documentation is submitted to the Motorizzazione civile for registration (Agenzia delle Entrate circular no. 3/E of 2009; art. 7 of the VAT law, DPR 633/1972).
Official sources (12) ›
  • Circular no. 3/E of 4 February 2009 (Ministry of Infrastructure and Transport, published on the Agenzia delle Entrate website): registration of vehicles imported from the EU, including VAT self-certification for individuals, prior to the 2020 regime (see provvedimento no. 265336/2020); vehicles coming from Livigno, Campione d'Italia, Canary Islands, Gibraltar
  • Agenzia delle Entrate, provvedimento prot. no. 265336 of 17 July 2020 (prior verification of the exclusion of VAT payment before registration of a vehicle acquired in the EU, including by an individual; art. 9 of decree-law 124/2019), cited by the MIT page "Portare un autoveicolo in Italia"
  • Agenzia delle Entrate, "F24 IVA immatricolazione auto UE" (who must pay; archive)
  • ACI, "Agevolazioni IPT: informazioni generali" (page updated on 30/01/2026; IPT: decree 435/1998, provincial surcharge up to 30%, rounded to the euro; the old address "costi-per-la-registrazione-al-pra" redirects to this page)
  • ACI, "Normativa IPT: Ministero delle Finanze, Decreto 27 novembre 1998 n. 435" (table of amounts in euros)
  • Agenzia delle dogane e dei Monopoli, section "Il Cittadino" (import by an individual from a non-EU country; duties and VAT)
  • Normattiva, Codice della strada (legislative decree 285/1992), art. 93-bis (foreign-registered vehicles driven by residents; text in force since 01/02/2022)
  • Ministero delle Infrastrutture e dei Trasporti (Portale dell'Automobilista, Your Europe), "Portare un autoveicolo in Italia" (updated 26/06/2024)
  • Ministero delle Infrastrutture e dei Trasporti (Portale dell'Automobilista), "Acquistare e vendere un veicolo in Italia" (bollo auto, revisione; updated 26/06/2024)
  • Portale dell'Automobilista, "Tariffario nazionale in euro delle operazioni di motorizzazione" (codes N054, N055, N053, N103, N060)
  • IVASS, "L'assicurazione r.c. veicoli in Italia" (updated 14/01/2026; minimum limits, Regulation (EU) 2024/1855)
  • IVASS, "Come scegliere la polizza" (attestato di rischio, family bonus-malus class, public comparison tool; updated 05/08/2021)

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