Driving in Italy with your foreign licence: do you need to exchange it, and how do you renew it once resident?
Your licence from an EU or EEA country is equivalent to an Italian licence: you can drive with it until its expiry date, even after settling in Italy, and exchanging it for an Italian licence remains optional. The exchange becomes compulsory if it has no expiry date (two years after you settle), or if it is lost, stolen or damaged; and when it expires, you renew it in Italy, at the Motorizzazione civile (licensing and vehicle registration service), with a medical certificate. A British licence is only valid for 12 months after you register as a resident (if you settled from 1 January 2023; before that, the exchange is already compulsory): you must then exchange it, without an examination.
- Costs
- Exchange (conversion) 2026: €10.20 in fees + €32.00 stamp duty, plus €16 stamp duty for the medical certificate if required
- Timeframes
- EU licence: valid until its expiry date. British licence (resident since 1 January 2023): 12 months after residence registration, exchange within 6 years
Steps
- Check your licence: country of issue, expiry date, categories.
- EU or EEA licence valid with an expiry date: you drive as normal. Italy uses your "normal residence": registration with the Comune, or at least 185 days a year in Italy with personal or professional ties (studies alone are not enough).
- Compulsory exchange in particular in these cases (MIT):
- licence with no expiry date (or longer than the European rule): within 2 years of your settling;
- licence lost, stolen or damaged while you reside in Italy;
- offence which, under Italian law, leads to a licence review measure;
- licence that has expired, which you must renew (step 5);
- British licence (see below).
- To exchange (conversione): submit your application to the Ufficio della Motorizzazione Civile (UMC) of your province, with form TT 2112 and the pagoPA payment (code N003). The new licence keeps the remaining validity of the old one if it complies with Italian law. The UMC sends your old licence back to the country that issued it: you cannot go back.
- To renew an expired licence or one close to expiry: take the medical examination (authorised doctor or local medical commission), then submit your file to the UMC. Payments are made on pagoPA, after logging in with SPID to the Portale dell'Automobilista. Expired for more than 5 years: either you request a driving test (esperimento di guida, form TT 746, payment N017), or the UMC issues the Italian licence with a review measure (theory and practical examination); if you fail, the licence is revoked.
Documents
- Form TT 2112.
- pagoPA payment receipts (N003 for the exchange; N019 for the stamp duty on the medical certificate).
- Original licence and double-sided photocopy.
- Valid identity document and codice fiscale.
- Two identity photos, one of them authenticated (if no medical certificate is requested).
- If the licence expires soon or has expired: medical certificate (less than 3 months old if it comes from a doctor alone, less than 6 months old if it comes from a local medical commission) and anamnestic certificate.
- Non-EU licence: translation or certificate of authenticity if the agreement requires it, and residence permit (or receipt for its renewal application).
Costs and timelines
- National Motorizzazione fees (rate in force, consulted in 2026):
- exchange of an EU or non-EU licence (N003): €10.20 in fees + €32.00 stamp duty;
- stamp duty on the application linked to the medical certificate (N019): €16.00;
- driving test (N017): €16.20. The doctor's fees are not set by these sources. Sicily, the Aosta Valley, Friuli-Venezia Giulia and the autonomous provinces of Trento and Bolzano have their own rates or offices: ask them.
- Validity of a B licence in Italy: 10 years; 5 years from age 50; 3 years from age 70; 2 years from age 80. Lorries (C): 5 years up to age 65, then 2 years. Buses (D): 5 years, then 3 years from age 70. The medical commission may shorten these periods.
- Issuing time: the ministry sets none; it depends on your UMC (Motorizzazione office): ask when you submit the file.
Common pitfalls
- Keeping an old "lifetime" licence. Old licences with no expiry date must be exchanged within 2 years of your settling.
- Losing your foreign licence. Once resident, you can no longer ask your country for a duplicate: the Italian exchange becomes compulsory.
- Letting a British licence expire more than 5 years ago. The agreement then no longer allows exchange without an examination. An expired Isle of Man licence cannot be exchanged at all (GOV.UK).
- Delaying the exchange of a British licence. Beyond 6 years of residence in Italy, the exchange application is refused, without even the possibility of taking a review examination (MIT); you must then take the Italian driving test as a non-EU national (GOV.UK). Exception: those who were already resident in Italy on 31 December 2020 (withdrawal agreement).
- Losing your British licence. To exchange it, you also need a copy of the declaration of loss or theft made to the Italian police (Italy–United Kingdom agreement, art. 7; GOV.UK); without it, you must take the Italian driving test as a non-EU national.
- Believing the medical examination is a formality. It determines the validity period of the new licence.
What changes by country of origin
- EU and EEA citizens: licence recognised until its expiry; exchange optional, except in the cases above.
- British nationals (Scots included):
- resident since 1 January 2023: driving possible 12 months after residence registration with a valid British licence (or from Gibraltar, Jersey, Guernsey, Isle of Man), then exchange compulsory without examination; settled before that date: the exchange is already compulsory (GOV.UK);
- exchange possible within 6 years of residence registration; no limit for those who were resident in Italy by 31 December 2020 at the latest;
- licence expired for less than 5 years: exchange still possible (except an expired Isle of Man licence: exchange impossible); provisional licence: excluded;
- basis: Italy–United Kingdom agreement of 23 December 2022.
- Swiss nationals: Switzerland is neither in the EU nor in the EEA, but an Italy–Switzerland agreement allows exchange without examination (2021 agreement, extended until 12 June 2031). You can drive with your valid Swiss licence for 1 year after your residence registration; after that you must have exchanged it. The application must be made within 4 years of residence registration: beyond that, it is refused, without even the possibility of an examination (MIT, page updated on 09/10/2026). Form TT2112, €10.20 + €32 stamp duty, medical certificate.
- Other non-EU countries: you drive for one year after your residence registration with your valid licence, accompanied by an international permit or an official translation into Italian; after that you must exchange it. Exchange without examination exists only if your country has a reciprocity agreement with Italy (list on the MIT "Conversione patente estera" page, for example Argentina, Brazil, Japan, South Korea, Morocco, Tunisia, Turkey; period of 4 or 6 years depending on the agreement; United States: only diplomatic staff and their families). Without an agreement, you must pass the Italian theory and practical examination.
Official sources (5) ›
- Ministero delle Infrastrutture e dei Trasporti (Portale dell'Automobilista, Your Europe), "Veicoli nell'Unione: ottenimento e rinnovo di una patente di guida" (updated 26/06/2024)
- Portale dell'Automobilista, "Tariffario nazionale in euro delle operazioni di motorizzazione" (codes N003, N019, N017)
- Ministero delle Infrastrutture e dei Trasporti, Italy–United Kingdom agreement of 23/12/2022 on the mutual recognition of driving licences for conversion purposes
- GOV.UK, "Living in Italy" (updated 05/10/2026, driving licence section)
- Ministero delle Infrastrutture e dei Trasporti, "Conversione patente estera" (updated 09/10/2026; Switzerland: agreement extended until 12/06/2031, 4-year period)